Marie Curie Research Fellow (Intra European Fellowship)
Lateral Root Emergence
Lateral root (LR) formation is a major determinant of root systems architecture. LRs originate deep within the parental root from a small number of founder cells at the periphery of vascular tissues (Péret et al, 2009a) and must emerge through intervening layers of tissues. This process has been defined as “Lateral Root Emergence” (Péret et al, 2009b).
The Auxin Influx Transporter LAX3 Regulates LR Emergence
The hormone auxin, which originates from the developing lateral root, acts as a local inductive signal which re-programmes adjacent cells. Auxin induces the expression of the auxin influx carrier LAX3 in cortical and epidermal cells directly overlaying new primordia. Increased LAX3 activity reinforces the auxin-dependent induction of a selection of cell-wall-remodelling enzymes, which are likely to promote cell separation in advance of developing lateral root primordia (Swarup et al. (2008)).
Building a Regulatory Network for Lateral Root Emergence
As a Marie Curie Fellow, I interacted with CPIB modellers to build a regulatory network of lateral root emergence. This included: – developing tools to induce LR emergence and study gene expression – identifying new components of the LR emergence pathway – producing quantitative data to feed mathematical models – engineering auxin content in planta to study the spatial regulation of LR emergence – using chemical genetics to decipher LR emergence (Antoine Larrieu) – identifying important transcription factors (Wei Hseng Chan, PhD Student). As part of Strand 3, I collaborated with other aspects of LR formation such as LR patterning (Ute Voß and Mikaël Lucas).
Collaborations
- auxin synthesis and homeostasis (Karin Ljung, Umea, Sweden)
- nutrient regulation (Philippe Nacry, INRA Montpellier, France and Laurent Nussaume, CEA Cadarache, France)
- biomechanical aspects (Christophe Maurel, INRA Montpellier, France and Anton Schaffner, Muenchen, Germany)
- LR initiation (Tom Beeckman and Bert de Rybel, Ghent, Belgium)
- LR formation (Reidunn Aalen and Robert Kumpf, University of Oslo, Norway)
- root vascular patterning (Yka Helariutta, University of Helsinki, Finland)
- auxin perception (Mark Estelle, University of California San Diego, USA)
Acknowledgements
This work was funded by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme (PIEF-GA-2008-220506).
Published Work
- Leah R Band*, Darren M. Wells*, Antoine Larrieu*, Jianyong Sun*, Alistair M. Middleton*, Andrew P. French, Géraldine Brunoud, Ethel Mendocilla Sato, Michael H. Wilson, Benjamin Péret, Marina Oliva, Ranjan Swarup, Ilkka Sairanen, Geraint Parry, Karin Ljung, Tom Beeckman, Jonathan M. Garibaldi, Mark Estelle, Markus R. Owen, Kris Vissenberg, T. Charlie Hodgman, Tony P. Pridmore, John R King, Teva Vernoux, Malcolm J Bennett (2012) Root gravitropism is regulated by a transient lateral auxin gradient controlled by a tipping point mechanism. PNAS 109, 4668–4673 [* these authors contributed equally]
Virtual Root
- Tobias I Baskin, Benjamin Peret, Frantisek Baluška, Philip N Benfey, Malcolm Bennett, Brian G Forde, Simon Gilroy, Ykä Helariutta, Peter K Hepler, Ottoline Leyser, Patrick H Masson, Gloria K Muday, Angus S Murphy, Scott Poethig, Abidur Rahman, Keith Roberts, Ben Scheres, Robert E Sharp, Chris Somerville (2010) Shootward and rootward: peak terminology for plant polarity. Trends in Plant Science 15, 593–594
Virtual Root
- Lucas M, Swarup R, Paponov IA, Swarup K, Casimiro I, Lake D, Péret B, Zappala S, Mairhofer S, Whitworth M, Wang J, Ljung K, Marchant A, Sandberg G, Holdsworth MJ, Palme K, Pridmore T, Mooney S, Bennett MJ (2010) Short-Root regulates primary, lateral, and adventitious root development in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 155, 384–98
Virtual Root
- F Perrine-Walker, P Doumas, M Lucas, V Vaissayre, NJ Beauchemin, LR Band, J Chopard, G Crabos, G Conejero, B Péret, JR King, J-L Verdeil, V Hocher, C Franche, MJ Bennett, LS Tisa, L Laplaze (2010) Auxin carriers localization drives auxin accumulation in plant cells infected by Frankia in Casuarina glauca actinorhizal nodules. Plant Physiology 154, 1372–1380
Virtual Root
- Parry G, Calderon-Villalobos LI, Prigge M, Péret B, Dharmasiri S, Itoh H, Lechner E, Gray WM, Bennett MJ, Estelle M. (2009) Complex regulation of the TIR1/AFB family of auxin receptors. PNAS 106, 22540–5
- Ugartechea-Chirino Y, Swarup R, Swarup K, Péret B, Whitworth M, Bennett M, Bougourd S. (2009) The AUX1 LAX family of auxin influx carriers is required for the establishment of embryonic root cell organization in Arabidopsis thaliana. Annals of Botany 105, 277–289
- Péret B, De Rybel B, Casimiro I, Benkova I, Swarup R, Laplaze L, Beeckman T, Bennett MJ (2009) Arabidopsis lateral root development: an emerging story. Trends in Plant Science 14, 399–408
- Péret B, Larrieu A, Bennett MJ (2009) Lateral root emergence: a difficult birth. Journal of Experimental Botany 60, 3637–3643
Virtual Root
- Swarup K, Benková E, Swarup R, Casimiro I, Péret B, Yang Y, Parry G, Nielsen E, De Smet I, Vanneste S, Levesque MP, Carrier DJ, James N, Calvo V, Ljung K, Kramer EM, Roberts R, Graham NS, Marillonnet S, Patel K, Jones JDG, Taylor CG, Schachtman DP, May ST, Sandberg G, Benfey PN, Friml J, Kerr ID, Beeckman T, Laplaze L, Bennett MJ (2008) The auxin influx carrier LAX3 promotes lateral root emergence. Nature Cell Biology 10, 946–954
- Gherbi H, Markmann K, Svistoonoff S, Estevan J, Autran D, Giczey G, Auguy F, Péret B, Laplaze L, Franche C, Parniske M, Bogusz D (2008) SymRK defines a common genetic basis for plant root endosymbioses with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi, rhizobia, and Frankiabacteria. PNAS 105, 4928–32
- Péret B, Svistoonoff S, Lahouze B, Auguy F, Santi C, Doumas P, Laplaze L (2008) A Role for auxin during actinorhizal symbioses formation?. Plant Signaling and Behaviour 3, 34–35
- Péret B, Swarup R, Jansen L, Devos G, Auguy F, Collin M, Santi C, Hocher V, Franche C, Bogusz D, Bennett MJ, Laplaze L. (2007) Auxin influx activity is associated with Frankia infection during actinorhizal nodule formation in Casuarina glauca. Plant Physiology 144, 1852–62